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Chemicals from munitions have permeated kamagra gold online soil across an estimated 10 million hectares of land used for firing ranges across the U.S. One such chemical, an explosive called RDX, can leach into groundwater and cause seizures and possibly cancer. Now a study in Nature Biotechnology shows that genetically kamagra gold online modified switchgrassâa plant common in North American prairiesâcan absorb and break down RDX.
University of York biologists Neil Bruce and Liz Rylott and their colleagues altered a switchgrass variety to carry two genes from a bacterium that produces enzymes capable of reducing RDX into harmless components. After conducting lab tests, the researchers planted the modified switchgrass on New York State's RDX-polluted Fort Drum military base. For three years the team tested soil and water pumped from plastic-lined plots where modified plants, wild kamagra gold online plants or no plants grew, painstakingly removing seeds from the modified switchgrasses to prevent cross-pollination with local varieties.
They found that the modified plants took up RDX, lowering levels significantly in the surrounding water, and broke it downâRDX did not appear in the modified plants' tissues, but it did in wild plants. ÂThe evidence is compelling that the transgenic [switchgrass] works very well and grows without the RDX being toxic to the plant,â says University of Iowa environmental engineer Jerald Schnoor, who was not involved in the study. Removing this pollutant has kamagra gold online proved especially challenging, partly because unexploded ordnance peppers many of the country's massive firing ranges.
Bacteria that break down RDX exist in soil but do not consume the toxin fast enough to keep it from seeping into aquifers. ÂNature has the ability to clean [RDX] up. Sometimes it kamagra gold online needs a bit of help,â Rylott says.
ÂIt's a Batman and Robin comboâbacterial Batman, and the plant is Robin.â Other researchers have used plants to clean up PCBs, DDT, nickel and arsenic.* The researchers also genetically modified another plant, western wheatgrass, to take up RDX. ÂIf we transform a couple more species,â Rylott says, âwe can get a toolbox that will be able to take out RDX, but we can also maintain biodiversity across the training range.â *Editorâs Note (8/10/21). This sentence was edited kamagra gold online after posting to correct the reference to PCBs.Biologist Jeff Sikich has worked at the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area since 2002.
He has dealt with a lot of odd things, including, on one memorable occasion, a call to bring his dart gun to tranquilize what turned out to be a three-foot-tall statue of a mountain lion rather than an actual mountain lion. But what he was seeing one March day in 2020 was unusual and ominous. It was also not that surprising kamagra gold online.
ÂIt had always been in the back of my mindâ that this might happen, he says, although he had hoped it never would. Sikich had set out a cage trap with a roadkilled deer inside, hoping to catch a young male mountain lion. When it worked, he used a tranquilizer dart to kamagra gold online knock the cat out.
But upon examining the animal closely, âsomething looked funky with his tail,â Sikich recalls. The tail, he realized, ended with a 90-degree turnâa distinctive kink with an angle as precise as that of a drawing in a geometry text. In addition, the young male kamagra gold online had only one testicle.
The second one had not descended as it should have. Sikich placed a radio-tracking collar around the catâs neck and named him P-81 because he was the 81st puma in that region to be captured and collared. P-81 wouldnât be the last mountain lion to kamagra gold online show such genetic defects.
After P-81âs capture, as Sikich was doing routine reviews of footage from several different trail cams, two more cats with kinked tails turned up. He couldnât tell about their testicles, but the kinked tail was bad enough. It is a troubling omen for this small colony of apex predators that belong to a subspecies of kamagra gold online Puma concolor, commonly known as the puma, panther, cougar or mountain lion.
More than 30 years have passed since the last time scientists discovered genetic defects like these in pumas. Back then they happened across the country to a different kamagra gold online puma subspecies, the Florida panther. Despite the gap in time and space, the mountain lions are reproducing two of the exact defects that the panthers manifestedâdefects that were forecast to doom them to extinction.
ÂItâs certainly a bad sign,â says Stephen J. OâBrien, a genetic epidemiologist at Nova Southeastern University, who kamagra gold online worked with Florida officials to save the panthers. ÂItâs a wake-up call.â Rescuing the Florida panther required an extraordinary intervention by humans.
Rescuing the Santa Monica mountain lions will require another extraordinary human effortâbut a different kind. Fortunately, thereâs a cat up in Hollywood whoâs helping, prowling kamagra gold online around near the iconic sign overlooking the Hollywood Hills. As recently as the 1700s, pumas roamed all across North and South America.
Today their distribution is patchy, but their population still stretches from Canada to Argentina. P. Concolor is not exactly the same cat wherever it is foundâthere are slight genetic differencesâbut all its members are silent hunters, swift assassins and tenacious fighters, with long, lean bodies built for speed.
The males measure six to eight feet from the nose to the tip of their long, heavy tail. Females stretch five to seven feet. In a sprint, they can reach 50 miles an hour.
Mountain lions are solitary animals. They hunt alone, sleeping by day and emerging at dusk to search for prey. In the wild, they can live for around a dozen years, assuming they donât get run over or killed by another mountain lion.
Santa Monica mountain lion P-81 has genetic defects associated with inbreeding, including a kinked tail. Credit. National Park Service When mountain lions are born, they are adorable little balls of fluffy spotted fur.
Once fully grown, though, everything about them screams âpredator.â A mountain lionâs body is adapted to hunting, with a light but strong skeleton that anchors heavy muscles. Mountain lions have longer rear legs than other large cats, which makes them capable of vertical leaps of up to 15 feet and horizontal leaps of up to 45 feet. This phenomenal jumping ability enables them to surprise their prey by flying in from above, seemingly out of nowhere.
The mountain lionâs heavy tail enables it to keep its balance during such long jumps. If the hunted animal tries to run, the catâs large pawsânearly five inches wideâprovide good traction for turns, a definite advantage during a pursuit. When the cat is ready to kill, its retracted claws pop out to grab onto whatever it has caught.
It chomps down hard with its powerful jaws, which are lined with 16 teeth on the top and 14 on the bottom. Pumas play a crucial role in the health of their ecosystems. They keep prey populations in check.
And because they seldom devour a kill in one sitting, preferring to eat their fill and hide the rest for later, their leftovers become ready-made meals for more than 200 species of birds and mammals. Then the insects move in, some spending their entire lives in those left-behind carcasses. The insects break down what remains, releasing nutrients into the soil.
To make this elaborate chain work, though, the cats need a lot of room to roam. Male mountain lions have a range of around 150 square miles. Females, 65 square miles.
And that is where the mountain lions of the Santa Monica Mountains have run into trouble. Because it borders sprawling Los Angeles, the 153,000-acre Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area is considered the largest urban national park in the U.S. Its valleys have been covered in concrete to create some of the busiest highways in the nation, which serve a still-growing mishmash of residential and commercial buildings.
Every new housing development or shopping center whittles away five or 10 acres here, maybe 15 there, fragmenting the landscape and the population of pumas. At its worst, this fragmentation separates males from reproductively available females. As a result, the mountain lion dating pool has become perilously smallâsomething like what happened with the Florida panther.
Most Florida panthers live in a low-lying, soggy landscape adjacent to the Everglades known as Big Cypress National Preserve. They are the last remnant of the pumas that Spanish explorers and early settlers called âlionsâ or âcatamounts.â They once roamed the whole Southeast, but by the 1980s Florida panthers were the only pumas east of the Mississippi. As the panthers lost habitat and their preferred prey fled, their numbers dwindled until there were no more than 30.
Some estimates put the number in single digits. With such a small population, inbreeding was inevitable. Fathers mated with daughters, brothers with sisters, and mothers with sons.
Soon they were producing offspring with kinked tails and undescended testicles. Some even had atrial septal defectsâholes in their hearts. It was as if they had hit a biological brick wall.
Genetic diversity ensures that a species can survive and adapt to changing conditions. Without it, an infectious disease can easily wipe out the entire group. The genetic defects among panthers were the visible marks of an invisible degradation.
Male panther sperm had a ratio of 6 percent normal to 94 percent developmentally malformed, according to OâBrien. Some experts proposed a captive-breeding program to fortify the panther population. The idea was to capture wild panther kittens to raise in a special facility, where they could be selectively bred to create a genetically diverse source population that could be reintroduced to the wild.
But the plan never got off the ground, because all the kittens that were supposed to be used for breeding turned out to suffer from the defects. Ultimately state officials persuaded the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to approve an unprecedented experiment.
In 1995 they dispatched an expert tracker named Roy McBride to capture eight female cougars from Texas and bring them back to Florida, releasing them into the wild to breed with the male panthers. They believed this plan might work because the two subspecies probably interbred in the past, back when their ranges overlapped. Sure enough, five of the eight females produced hybrid offspring that were free of defects.
The healthy offspring sparked a baby boom among the panthers. Now an estimated 130 to 200 adults prowl what is left of Floridaâs wilderness. Credit.
Mapping Specialists. Sources. ÂGenetic SourceâSink Dynamics among Naturally Structured and Anthropogenically Fragmented Puma Populations,â by Kyle D.
Gustafson et al., in Conservation Genetics, Vol. 20. December 2018 (California map reference).
ÂSurvival and Competing Mortality Risks of Mountain Lions in a Major Metropolitan Area,â by John F. Benson, Jeff A. Sikich and Seth P.
D. Riley, in Biological Conservation, Vol. 241.
January 2020 (mountain lion range reference) One reason no experiment like this had ever been attempted before was a fear it would end the legal protection provided by the Endangered Species Act. Critics worried that offspring arising from interbreeding between Florida panthers and Texas cougars might not be considered Florida panthers and thus would not qualify for protection. The Fish and Wildlife Service issued a provisional rule so the experiment could proceed.
The other fear. The cougarsâ distinctive genes would swamp the panthersâ genetic material. Although they are from the same species of cat, scientists say they have genetic markers that show they are subspecies distinct from each other.
Afterward, though, two different studies determined that genetic swamping did not occur. One study examined genetic samples taken from nearly 600 individual Florida panthers that had been collected since 1981 and traced the bloodlines of all the panthers then alive, comparing them with panthers born after the Texas cats were brought in. The study found that the panther population increased threefold, genetic diversity doubled, survival and fitness measures improved, and correlates of inbreeding declined.
In the future, the panthers will need to have five Texas cougars introduced every 20 years to prevent inbreeding and reduce the risk of extinction, assuming there is room for them as people rapidly develop the landscape. But as successful as the Florida pantherâs âgenetic rescueâ program has been, Californiaâs mountain lions require a wholly different intervention because they are that much more restricted by habitat fragmentation. The solution to their genetic defect problem, experts say, lies much closer to home.
And it involves more concrete, not less. John Benson was thinking about what happened to the Florida panthers while writing up a study on the future of two populations of Santa Monica mountain lions that humans have cut off from the larger group in nearby natural areas. Specifically, the study was trying to forecast the possibility of their extinction within 50 years.
Benson, then a wildlife ecologist with the La Kretz Center for California Conservation Science at the University of California, Los Angeles, had previously studied panthers while working for the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, so he knew the story. He viewed what happened with the panthers as a cautionary tale for the mountain lions. Researchers who work with various types of pumas know theyâre dealing with charismatic megafauna that laypeople often view as overgrown house cats.
In fact, they are attempting to manage large apex predators, each one with its own distinct personality and specific needs. Pumas tend to be elusive and averse to being around humans, further complicating efforts to understand them. Because of the animalsâ size, they are sometimes feared by the public, which contributes to political pressure on biologists to minimize risks of a confrontation that might arise from conservation efforts that increase the population.
When Benson, Sikich, Sikichâs National Park Service colleague Seth Riley and their colleagues published their paper, they described a couple of different scenarios. According to the computer model, âtheir reproduction was pretty good ... And the population would remain stable,â Benson says.
The study found only a 16 to 21 percent probability of extinction, mitigated by their scrubland habitat and the availability of prey. ÂAlthough there is lots of development and roads all around, within the Santa Monicas themselves about 90 percent of the area is still natural, or relatively so, and half of it is actually publicly owned,â Riley says. The problem, Riley notes, is that âthe Santa Monicas are not big enough by themselves for a viable population genetically or demographically and that they are also not well enough connected to the other nearby natural areas.â When the authors factored in the lack of genetic diversity among the mountain lions, the modeling outcome changed dramatically because of what scientists refer to as âinbreeding depression.â The Santa Monica Mountains population and the one in the Santa Ana Mountains in Orange County already had the lowest genetic diversity documented for mountain lionsâaside from that of the 1995 Florida panthers.
After accounting for the lack of genetic diversity, Benson says, every run of the model found that once the inbreeding depression began, the cats would probably go extinct in 50 years. Benson and his co-authors had no idea when the paper came out that the first signs of genetic defects would crop up so soon. But they knew it was likely to happen eventually because the biggest obstacle to improving the mountain lionsâ genetic diversity had been blocking their path since 1950.
Los Angeles is a city of highways, and the biggest one of all is U.S. 101, a major north-south route linking L.A. To San Francisco and the Pacific Northwest.
The road varies between eight and 10 lanes of traffic and sees around 300,000 vehicles a day. That highway prevents the Santa Monica mountain lions from getting across to mate with the larger population of mountain lions in the 2,970-square-mile Los Padres National Forest. Once biologists began putting radio collars on the dozen or so mountain lions that they were monitoring in the Santa Monica Mountains, Riley says, they would track the males as they traveled to the 101, saw the river of traffic and then turned back.
ÂThe habitat we have there for them seems good,â Riley says of the cats in the Santa Monica Mountains. ÂThey find plenty of deer.â But because of the 101, their only potential mates are close relatives, which leads to inbreeding. A wildlife bridge to be built across Highway 101, shown in an artist's rendition, would be the world's largest.
Credit. Living Habitats LLC and National Wildlife Federation Then, in 2009, a miracle happened. The 12th puma they had captured and collared, P-12, found a way to cross the road, in an area called Liberty Canyon where there is natural habitat on both sides of the highway.
ÂThat was a pretty big deal,â Riley recalls, âbecause he not only crossed and survived, but he also reproduced.â A handful of other mountain lions have since followed P-12âs lead, mostly at night when traffic is lighter. One figured out how to cross using a six-foot-wide culvert under the 101 and made 42 crossings in less than a year, Riley says. But then that cat died from injuries suffered in a forest fire, and no other cats have set foot in that long, dark culvert since.
To California biologists, attempting to help the Santa Monica mountain lions by trucking them to a place with a more diverse puma population or hauling individuals from a more diverse population to breed with the Santa Monica cats like the Florida officials did seemed like too much human intervention, with too much risk for trauma to the wild creatures. Still, the repeated crossings gave the scientists an idea for how to help the Santa Monica mountain lions. Build them a safe place to cross the 101.
That way the cats would be reconnected to the larger population of pumas in the Sierra Madre range to the north, which would allow them to find mates capable of boosting the smaller groupâs genetic diversity. The Fish and Wildlife Service and transportation officials considered the idea of a tunnel but rejected it. It would cost too much and be too disruptive to the drivers using the highway, and there was no guarantee the animals would use it.
That left only one option. An overpass that would soar above the 101 and allow the mountain lions on both sides of the highway to come and go as they please. Fencing built on either end would funnel the lions toward the overpass so they would not wander into traffic.
That way there would be no need for humans to capture the cats and move them. ÂIdeally, if we get them this vegetated overpass built, theyâll do it on their own,â Sikich says. National Park Service officials, after consulting with wildlife-crossing experts and the California Department of Transportation, nicknamed Caans, came up with plans for a 165-foot-wide overpass positioned 16 feet above the pavement of the 101.
The north end connects to a hillside, and as the overpass reaches the south side it slopes down a bit, Sikich says. If built, it will be the worldâs largest wildlife bridge, with an estimated price tag of $87 million. The crossing would be constructed and landscaped to resemble the surrounding countryside, with sound-blocking barriers to quiet the noisy traffic below.
The best spot for the overpass, the biologists concluded, would be the place where P-12 first crossed, the spot in Liberty Canyon with natural underbrush on both sides of the road. The lions could use it any time of the day or night without fear of becoming roadkill. The land on both sides of this segment of the highway had already been protected.
Even better, it is contiguous with large swaths of protected habitat to the north and south of this connection, thus making it a viable solution for connectivity within the Santa Monica Mountains. Ideally the cats wouldnât even realize they were on a human-made structure. Conservationists first tried such wildlife overpasses in France in the 1950s, and they have grown in popularity in Europe.
They are beginning to catch on in the U.S., too. For instance, in 2018 Utah opened a 320-by-50-foot bridge to allow moose, elk, deer and other wildlife to cross over the six-lane Interstate 80 near Salt Lake City. There is just one problem with the Liberty Canyon bridge.
Caans had no money set aside for building a highway in the skies whose primary users would be feline predators. Thatâs where the cardboard cat comes in. Beth Pratt of the National Wildlife Federation had worked in Yosemite and Yellowstone, so she was used to lonesome wilderness areas and their wildlife.
Learning that the mountains adjacent to sprawling Los Angeles contained mountain lions was âmind-blowing,â she recalls. ÂIt changed the way I looked at wildlife.â After Pratt became the regional executive director of the environmental groupâs California Regional Center, she got in touch with the biologists at the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area and asked if there was anything that her organization could do to help. ÂAnd they said, âWell, thereâs this little corridor weâre trying to build.ââ She met with Caans officials to talk about it.
ÂCaans has been phenomenally supportive,â she says. ÂThey told me, âWe donât have the money, but if you get us the money, weâll build it.ââ They worked out a deal in which 80 percent of the moneyâmore than $69 millionâwould come from private donors and the other 20 percent from public funds for conservation projects. They do not need to raise all the money before starting work.
The National Wildlife Federation launched a fundraising drive for the 80 percent, calling it âSave LA Cougars,â and it picked a mascot sure to attract public sympathy. A male mountain lion, P-22, that in 2012, against all odds, took up residence in Griffith Park near the famous Hollywood sign. Genetic tests determined that the cat came from the Santa Monica Mountains population, which means it crossed both the 101 and another major highway, I-405, to reach its current home.
Despite the urban setting, Griffith Park offers P-22 plenty to eat and places to hide during the day. But it is the only mountain lion in the six-square-mile urban park, which makes P-22 ideal for the campaign. ÂWeâre talking about a lonely bachelor doomed to never have a girlfriend,â Pratt says.
ÂHe has been embraced by the public. We have the perfect relatable victim.â Pratt had a life-size cardboard cutout of P-22 made, which she carries around to fundraising events all over Los Angeles and elsewhere. She has persuaded well-known figures such as actor Sean Penn and Representative Adam Schiff of California to pose with it, drawing even more attention to the pumaâs plight.
Word of the project has gone viral, she says. ÂWeâve gotten donations from London, Florida. One Kansas couple who have never been to California have given us $500,000.â Los Angeles even celebrates a âP-22 Dayâ every October featuring lots of festivities to raise money and awareness of the mountain lionsâ plight.
Last fall the festival went virtual, as so many events have been forced to do. That required taking a more creative approach to the event, Pratt says. ÂWe got some game developers to create a game interface.â One of the games features P-22 using a jet pack to get out of the park.
Some people have questioned the worth of the overpass, though not many. During the environmental review âthere were more than 8,000 comments for the project and only 15 against,â Pratt recalls. People have rallied to the cause from all sides of the political spectrum because people love animals, and âthis is a tangible problem to solve,â she says.
As of May, the fundraising had hit the $44-million mark, more than enough to get the project to the final design and engineering phase. Then, in July, Governor Gavin Newsom approved a state budget that includes $7 million for the Liberty Canyon Wildlife Crossing. Caans expects to break ground as early as November.
The goal is to have the overpass open for the mountain lions to use by 2024. Pratt says they have no plan B for the cats and donât believe they will need one. Not hitting their funding targets âwould only delay groundbreaking, not cancel the project, but weâre not even anticipating any delays at this point,â she says.
But now that P-81 and the other two cats with kinked tails have shown up, the fundraising campaign has become a race to rescue the Santa Monica mountain lions before they are too far gone. ÂTheir genetic diversity is likely to continue to erode,â Benson says. ÂWhat no one can say is when itâs likely to lead to extinction.
You donât want to wait until itâs too late.â On the other hand, he reflects, âif we can conserve large carnivores near Los Angeles, I think that bodes well for us being able to do the same thing elsewhere in the country.âThe provisional drug overdose death statistics for 2020 confirmed the addiction fieldâs worst fears. More people died of overdoses in the United States last year than in any other one-year period in our history. More than 93,000 people died.
The increase from the previous year was also more than weâve ever seenâup 30 percent. These data are telling us that something is wrong. In fact, they are shouting for change.
It is no longer a question of âdoing moreâ to combat our nationâs drug problems. What we as a society are doingâputting people with drug addiction behind bars, underinvesting in prevention and compassionate medical careâis not working. Even as we work to create better scientific solutions to this crisis, it is beyond frustratingâit is tragicâto see the effective prevention and treatment tools we already have just not being used.
The benefits of providing effective substance use disorder treatmentsâespecially medication for opioid use disorderâare well-known. Yet decades of prejudice against treating substance use disorders with medication has greatly limited their reach, partly accounting for why only 18 percent of people with opioid use disorder receive medications. Historical reluctance to provide these treatments and of insurers to cover them reflects the stigma that has long made people with addiction a low priority.
We must eliminate the attitudes and infrastructure barring treating people with substance use disorders. This means making it easier for clinicians to provide life-saving medications, expanding models of care like digital health technologies and mobile clinics that can reach people where they are, and ensuring that payers cover treatments that work. The science of the matter is unequivocal.
Addiction is a chronic and treatable medical condition, not a weakness of will or character or a form of social deviance. But stigma and longstanding prejudicesâeven within healthcareâlead decision-makers across healthcare, criminal justice, and other systems to punish people who use drugs rather than treat them. That approach may be simpler than asking us as a society to have compassion or care for people with a devastating, debilitating, often fatal disorder.
But the risk of incarceration does not deter drug use, let alone address addiction. It perpetuates stigma, and disproportionately harms the most vulnerable communities. Evidence-based harm reduction, such as syringe services programs, also need to be a part of any solution to our drug crisis, as these have been shown to reduce HIV and hepatitis C transmission, and help link people to treatment for addiction and other conditions.
While the federal government has embraced evidence-based harm-reduction programs, many communities continue to resist them, erroneously thinking they sanction or encourage drug use. Multiple independent studies have shown that they donât. Researchers are also evaluating innovative but historically controversial strategies operating abroad like overdose prevention centers, where people can use substances under medical supervision and access other health services, to evaluate cost-effectiveness and ability to reduce deaths and improve health.
Part of the failure of the current approach to the drug crisis arises from the unrealistic expectation that people shouldâand canâjust stop using drugs. Little concern is shown for people with addiction unless and until they are drug-free, but the reality is that difficulties and resumed use typically mark the recovery journey. Compassion, care, and support need to extend to those still using drugs and those who return to drug use, not just to those who can satisfy the stringent standards of abstinence.
Everyone with a substance use disorder, regardless of whether they are currently using drugs, needs good healthcare and may also need help with housing, employment, and childcare needs. To prevent young people from misusing drugs and to keep people from all ages from developing substance use disorders, our nation must address the social and economic stressors that increase the risk of drug use, such as poverty and housing instability, unsafe neighborhoods and schools, and other effects of a changing economy including social isolation and despair. Drug overdose deaths are one component of the âdeaths of despairâ that, along with suicide and alcohol-related illness, have caused life expectancy to decline in the U.S., even before the 1.5-year drop in 2020 caused largely by the erectile dysfunction treatment kamagra.
On the ground, evidence-based interventions can make a big difference. Universal prevention programs as well as interventions targeted to the most at-risk families and youth not only reduce the risk of later drug taking and addiction but have radiating benefits on other aspects of mental and physical health. This poses a question of collective willingness to invest in these measures.
The long-term savings in healthcare and justice costs relative to the costs of prevention interventions can be substantial. But they are long-term investments with benefits that will take time to accrue, and the nature of our society is to look at short-term bottom lines and expect immediate results. Radical change to save lives is long overdue.
It is crucial that scientists help policymakers and other leaders rethink how we collectively address drugs and drug use, looking to the evidence base of what improves health and reduces harms across communities, and funding research to develop new prevention and treatment tools. This is an opinion and analysis article. The views expressed by the author or authors are not necessarily those of Scientific American.
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A huge Viagra online usa barrier to people returning to womens kamagra 100mg tablets the community from nursing homes is the high cost of housing. One way New York State is trying to address that barrier is with the Special Housing Disregard that allows certain members of Managed Long Term Care or FIDA plans to keep more of their income to pay for rent or other shelter costs, rather than having to "spend down" their "excess income" or spend-down on the cost of Medicaid home care. The special income standard for housing expenses helps pay for housing expenses to help certain nursing home or adult home residents to womens kamagra 100mg tablets safely transition back to the community with MLTC. Originally it was just for former nursing home residents but in 2014 it was expanded to include people who lived in adult homes. GIS 14/MA-017 Since you are allowed to keep more of your income, you may no longer need to use a pooled trust.
KNOW YOUR RIGHTS womens kamagra 100mg tablets - FACT SHEET on THREE ways to Reduce Spend-down, including this Special Income Standard. September 2018 NEWS -- Those already enrolled in MLTC plans before they are admitted to a nursing home or adult home may obtain this budgeting upon discharge, if they meet the other criteria below. "How nursing home administrators, adult home operators and MLTC plans should identify individuals who are eligible for the special income standard" and explains their duties to identify eligible individuals, and the MLTC plan must notify the local DSS that the individual may qualify. "Nursing home administrators, nursing home discharge planning staff, adult home operators and MLTC health plans are encouraged to identify individuals who may qualify for the special income standard, womens kamagra 100mg tablets if they can be safely discharged back to the community from a nursing home and enroll in, or remain enrolled in, an MLTC plan. Once an individual has been accepted into an MLTC plan, the MLTC plan must notify the individual's local district of social services that the transition has occurred and that the individual may qualify for the special income standard.
The special income standard will be effective upon enrollment into the MLTC plan, or, for nursing home residents already enrolled in an MLTC plan, the month of discharge to the community. Questions regarding the special income standard may womens kamagra 100mg tablets be directed to DOH at 518-474-8887. Who is eligible for this special income standard?. must be age 18+, must have been in a nursing home or an adult home for 30 days or more, must have had Medicaid pay toward the nursing home care, and must enroll in or REMAIN ENROLLED IN a Managed Long Term Care (MLTC) plan or FIDA plan upon leaving the nursing home or adult home must have a housing expense if married, spouse may not receive a "spousal impoverishment" allowance once the individual is enrolled in MLTC. How much is womens kamagra 100mg tablets the allowance?.
The rates vary by region and change yearly. Region Counties Deduction (2021) Central Broome, Cayuga, Chenango, Cortland, Herkimer, Jefferson, Lewis, Madison, Oneida, Onondaga, Oswego, St. Lawrence, Tioga, Tompkins $450 Long Island Nassau, Suffolk $1,393 NYC Bronx, Kings, Manhattan, Queens, Richmond $1,535 (up from 1,451 in 2020) Northeastern Albany, Clinton, Columbia, Delaware, Essex, Franklin, Fulton, Greene, Hamilton, Montgomery, Otsego, Rensselaer, Saratoga, Schenectady, Schoharie, Warren, Washington $524 North Metropolitan Dutchess, Orange, Putnam, Rockland, Sullivan, Ulster, Westchester $1,075 Rochester Chemung, Livingston, Monroe, Ontario, Schuyler, Seneca, Steuben, Wayne, Yates $469 Western Allegany, Cattaraugus, Chautauqua, Erie, Genesee, Niagara, Orleans, Wyoming $413 Past rates published as follows, available on DOH website 2021 rates published in Attachment I to GIS 20 MA/13 -- 2021 Medicaid Levels and Other Updates 2020 rates published in Attachment I to GIS 19 MA/12 â 2020 Medicaid Levels and Other Updates 2019 rates published in Attachment 1 to GIS 18/MA015 - 2019 Medicaid Levels and Other Updates 2018 rates published womens kamagra 100mg tablets in GIS 17 MA/020 - 2018 Medicaid Levels and Other Updates. The guidance on how the standardized amount of the disregard is calculated is found in NYS DOH 12- ADM-05. 2017 rate -- GIS 16 MA/018 - 2016 Medicaid Only Income and Resource Levels and Spousal Impoverishment Standards Attachment 12016 rate -- GIS 15-MA/0212015 rate -- Were not posted by DOH but were updated in WMS.
2015 Central $382 womens kamagra 100mg tablets Long Island $1,147 NYC $1,001 Northeastern $440 N. Metropolitan $791 Rochester $388 Western $336 2014 rate -- GIS-14-MA/017 HOW DOES IT WORK?. Here is a sample budget for a single person in NYC with Social Security income of $2,386/month paying a Medigap premium of $261/mo. Gross monthly income $2,575.50 DEDUCT Health insurance premiums (Medicare Part womens kamagra 100mg tablets B) - 135.50 (Medigap) - 261.00 DEDUCT Unearned income disregard - 20 DEDUCT Shelter deduction (NYCâ2019) - 1,300 DEDUCT Income limit for single (2019) - 859 Excess income or Spend-down $0 WITH NO SPEND-DOWN, May NOT NEED POOLED TRUST!. HOW TO OBTAIN THE HOUSING DISREGARD.
When you are ready to leave the nursing home or adult home, or soon after you leave, you or your MLTC plan must request that your local Medicaid program change your Medicaid budget to give you the Housing Disregard. See September 2018 NYS DOH Medicaid Update that requires MLTC plan to help you ask for it. The procedures in NYC are explained in this Troubleshooting guide. In NYC, submit the application with the MAP-751W (check off "Budgeting Changes" and "Special Housing Standard"). (The MAP-751W is also posted in languages other than English in this link.
(Updated 3-15-2021.)) NYC Medicaid program prefers that your MLTC plan file the request, using Form MAP-3057E - Special income housing Expenses NH-MLTC.pdf and Form MAP-3047B - MLTC/NHED Cover Sheet Form MAP-259f (revised 7-31-18)(page 7 of PDF)(DIscharge Notice) - NH must file with HRA upon discharge, certifying resident was informed of availability of this disregard. GOVERNMENT DIRECTIVES (beginning with oldest). NYS DOH 12- ADM-05 - Special Income Standard for Housing Expenses for Individuals Discharged from a Nursing Facility who Enroll into the Managed Long Term Care (MLTC) Program Attachment II - OHIP-0057 - Notice of Intent to Change Medicaid Coverage, (Recipient Discharged from a Skilled Nursing Facility and Enrolled in a Managed Long Term Care Plan) Attachment III - Attachment III â OHIP-0058 - Notice of Intent to Change Medicaid Coverage, (Recipient Disenrolled from a Managed Long Term Care Plan, No Special Income Standard) MLTC Policy 13.02. MLTC Housing Disregard NYC HRA Medicaid Alert Special Income Standard for housing expenses NH-MLTC 2-9-2013.pdf 2018-07-28 HRA MICSA ALERT Special Income Standard for Housing Expenses for Individuals Discharged from a Nursing Facility and who Enroll into the MLTC Program - update on previous policy. References Form MAP-259f (revised 7-31-18)(page 7 of PDF)(Discharge Notice) - NH must file with HRA upon discharge, certifying resident was informed of availability of this disregard.
GIS 18 MA/012 - Special Income Standard for Housing Expenses for Certain Managed Long-Term Care Enrollees Who are Discharged from a Nursing Home issued Sept. 28, 2018 - this finally implements the most recent Special Terms &. Conditions of the CMS 1115 Waiver that governs the MLTC program, dated Jan. 19, 2017. The section on this income standard is at pages 26-27.
In these revised ST&C, this special income standard applies to people who were in a NH or adult home paid by Medicaid and "who enroll into or remain enrolled in the MLTC program in order to receive community based long term services and supports" and to those in a NH who were required to enroll into MLTC because of "...the mandatory Nursing Facility transition, and subsequently able to be discharged to the community from the nursing facility, with the services of MLTC program in place." September 2018 DOH Medicaid Update - explains this benefit to medical providers (nursing homes, MLTC plans, home care agencies, adult home operators, and requires them to identify potential individuals who could benefit and help them apply - described here..
A huge barrier to look at more info people kamagra gold online returning to the community from nursing homes is the high cost of housing. One way New York State is trying to address that barrier is with the Special Housing Disregard that allows certain members of Managed Long Term Care or FIDA plans to keep more of their income to pay for rent or other shelter costs, rather than having to "spend down" their "excess income" or spend-down on the cost of Medicaid home care. The special income standard for housing expenses helps pay for housing expenses to help certain nursing home kamagra gold online or adult home residents to safely transition back to the community with MLTC. Originally it was just for former nursing home residents but in 2014 it was expanded to include people who lived in adult homes. GIS 14/MA-017 Since you are allowed to keep more of your income, you may no longer need to use a pooled trust.
KNOW YOUR RIGHTS - FACT SHEET on THREE kamagra gold online ways to Reduce Spend-down, including this Special Income Standard. September 2018 NEWS -- Those already enrolled in MLTC plans before they are admitted to a nursing home or adult home may obtain this budgeting upon discharge, if they meet the other criteria below. "How nursing home administrators, adult home operators and MLTC plans should identify individuals who are eligible for the special income standard" and explains their duties to identify eligible individuals, and the MLTC plan must notify the local DSS that the individual may qualify. "Nursing home administrators, nursing home discharge planning staff, kamagra gold online adult home operators and MLTC health plans are encouraged to identify individuals who may qualify for the special income standard, if they can be safely discharged back to the community from a nursing home and enroll in, or remain enrolled in, an MLTC plan. Once an individual has been accepted into an MLTC plan, the MLTC plan must notify the individual's local district of social services that the transition has occurred and that the individual may qualify for the special income standard.
The special income standard will be effective upon enrollment into the MLTC plan, or, for nursing home residents already enrolled in an MLTC plan, the month of discharge to the community. Questions regarding the special income standard may be kamagra gold online directed to DOH at 518-474-8887. Who is eligible for this special income standard?. must be age 18+, must have been in a nursing home or an adult home for 30 days or more, must have had Medicaid pay toward the nursing home care, and must enroll in or REMAIN ENROLLED IN a Managed Long Term Care (MLTC) plan or FIDA plan upon leaving the nursing home or adult home must have a housing expense if married, spouse may not receive a "spousal impoverishment" allowance once the individual is enrolled in MLTC. How much is the kamagra gold online allowance?.
The rates vary by region and change yearly. Region Counties Deduction (2021) Central Broome, Cayuga, Chenango, Cortland, Herkimer, Jefferson, Lewis, Madison, Oneida, Onondaga, Oswego, St. Lawrence, Tioga, Tompkins $450 Long Island Nassau, Suffolk $1,393 NYC Bronx, Kings, Manhattan, Queens, Richmond $1,535 (up from 1,451 in 2020) Northeastern Albany, Clinton, Columbia, Delaware, Essex, Franklin, Fulton, Greene, Hamilton, Montgomery, Otsego, Rensselaer, Saratoga, Schenectady, Schoharie, Warren, Washington $524 North Metropolitan Dutchess, Orange, Putnam, Rockland, Sullivan, Ulster, kamagra gold online Westchester $1,075 Rochester Chemung, Livingston, Monroe, Ontario, Schuyler, Seneca, Steuben, Wayne, Yates $469 Western Allegany, Cattaraugus, Chautauqua, Erie, Genesee, Niagara, Orleans, Wyoming $413 Past rates published as follows, available on DOH website 2021 rates published in Attachment I to GIS 20 MA/13 -- 2021 Medicaid Levels and Other Updates 2020 rates published in Attachment I to GIS 19 MA/12 â 2020 Medicaid Levels and Other Updates 2019 rates published in Attachment 1 to GIS 18/MA015 - 2019 Medicaid Levels and Other Updates 2018 rates published in GIS 17 MA/020 - 2018 Medicaid Levels and Other Updates. The guidance on how the standardized amount of the disregard is calculated is found in NYS DOH 12- ADM-05. 2017 rate -- GIS 16 MA/018 - 2016 Medicaid Only Income and Resource Levels and Spousal Impoverishment Standards Attachment 12016 rate -- GIS 15-MA/0212015 rate -- Were not posted by DOH but were updated in WMS.
2015 Central $382 Long Island $1,147 NYC kamagra gold online $1,001 Northeastern $440 N. Metropolitan $791 Rochester $388 Western $336 2014 rate -- GIS-14-MA/017 HOW DOES IT WORK?. Here is a sample budget for a single person in NYC with Social Security income of $2,386/month paying a Medigap premium of $261/mo. Gross monthly income $2,575.50 DEDUCT Health insurance premiums (Medicare Part B) - 135.50 (Medigap) - 261.00 DEDUCT Unearned income disregard - 20 DEDUCT Shelter deduction (NYCâ2019) - kamagra gold online 1,300 DEDUCT Income limit for single (2019) - 859 Excess income or Spend-down $0 WITH NO SPEND-DOWN, May NOT NEED POOLED TRUST!. HOW TO OBTAIN THE HOUSING DISREGARD.
When you are ready to leave the nursing home or adult home, or soon after you leave, you or your MLTC plan must request that your local Medicaid program change your Medicaid budget to give you the Housing Disregard. See September 2018 NYS kamagra gold online DOH Medicaid Update that requires MLTC plan to help you ask for it. The procedures in NYC are explained in this Troubleshooting guide. In NYC, submit the application with the MAP-751W (check off "Budgeting Changes" and "Special Housing Standard"). (The MAP-751W is also posted in languages other than English in this link.
(Updated 3-15-2021.)) NYC Medicaid program prefers that your MLTC plan file the request, using Form MAP-3057E - Special income housing Expenses NH-MLTC.pdf and Form MAP-3047B - MLTC/NHED Cover Sheet Form MAP-259f (revised 7-31-18)(page 7 of PDF)(DIscharge Notice) - NH must file with HRA upon discharge, certifying resident was informed of availability of this disregard. GOVERNMENT DIRECTIVES (beginning with oldest). NYS DOH 12- ADM-05 - Special Income Standard for Housing Expenses for Individuals Discharged from a Nursing Facility who Enroll into the Managed Long Term Care (MLTC) Program Attachment II - OHIP-0057 - Notice of Intent to Change Medicaid Coverage, (Recipient Discharged from a Skilled Nursing Facility and Enrolled in a Managed Long Term Care Plan) Attachment III - Attachment III â OHIP-0058 - Notice of Intent to Change Medicaid Coverage, (Recipient Disenrolled from a Managed Long Term Care Plan, No Special Income Standard) MLTC Policy 13.02. MLTC Housing Disregard NYC HRA Medicaid Alert Special Income Standard for housing expenses NH-MLTC 2-9-2013.pdf 2018-07-28 HRA MICSA ALERT Special Income Standard for Housing Expenses for Individuals Discharged from a Nursing Facility and who Enroll into the MLTC Program - update on previous policy. References Form MAP-259f (revised 7-31-18)(page 7 of PDF)(Discharge Notice) - NH must file with HRA upon discharge, certifying resident was informed of availability of this disregard.
GIS 18 MA/012 - Special Income Standard for Housing Expenses for Certain Managed Long-Term Care Enrollees Who are Discharged from a Nursing Home issued Sept. 28, 2018 - this finally implements the most recent Special Terms &. Conditions of the CMS 1115 Waiver that governs the MLTC program, dated Jan. 19, 2017. The section on this income standard is at pages 26-27.
In these revised ST&C, this special income standard applies to people who were in a NH or adult home paid by Medicaid and "who enroll into or remain enrolled in the MLTC program in order to receive community based long term services and supports" and to those in a NH who were required to enroll into MLTC because of "...the mandatory Nursing Facility transition, and subsequently able to be discharged to the community from the nursing facility, with the services of MLTC program in place." September 2018 DOH Medicaid Update - explains this benefit to medical providers (nursing homes, MLTC plans, home care agencies, adult home operators, and requires them to identify potential individuals who could benefit and help them apply - described here..
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Aug hop over to this website kamagra vs cialis. 29, 2020 -- Chadwick Boseman, the star of the 2018 Marvel Studios megahit Black Panther, died of colon cancer Friday. He was 43 kamagra vs cialis. Boseman, who was diagnosed 4 years ago, had kept his condition a secret.
He filmed his recent movies ''during and between countless surgeries and chemotherapy," according to a statement issued on his Twitter account. When the kamagra vs cialis actor was diagnosed in 2016, the cancer was at stage III -- meaning it had already grown through the colon wall -- but then progressed to the more lethal stage IV, meaning it had spread beyond his colon. Messages of condolences and the hashtag #Wakandaforever, referring to the fictional African nation in the Black Panther film, flooded social media Friday evening. Oprah tweeted.
"What a gentle gifted SOUL kamagra vs cialis. Showing us all that Greatness in between surgeries and chemo. The courage, the strength, the Power it takes to do that. This is kamagra vs cialis what Dignity looks like.
" Marvel Studios tweeted. "Your legacy will live on forever." Boseman was also known for his role as Jackie Robinson in the movie 42. Coincidentally, Friday was Major League Baseball's Jackie Robinson Day, where every player on every team wears kamagra vs cialis Robinson's number 42 on their jerseys. Boseman's other starring roles include portraying James Brown in Get on Up and U.S.
Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall in Marshall. But his role as kamagra vs cialis King T'Challa in Black Panther, the super hero protagonist, made him an icon and an inspiration. About Colon Cancer Boseman's death reflects a troubling recent trend, says Mark Hanna, MD, a colorectal surgeon at City of Hope, a comprehensive cancer center near Los Angeles. "We have noticed an increasing incidence of colorectal cancer in young adults," says Hanna, who did not treat Boseman.
"I've seen patients as young as their early 20s." About 104,000 cases of colon cancer will be diagnosed this year, according to American Cancer Society estimates, and another 43,000 cases of rectal kamagra vs cialis cancer will be diagnosed. About 12% of those, or 18,000 cases, will be in people under age 50. As the rates have declined kamagra vs cialis in older adults due to screening, rates in young adults have steadily risen. Younger patients are often diagnosed at a later stage than older adults, Hanna says, because patients and even their doctors don't think about the possibility of colon cancer.
Because it is considered a cancer affecting older adults, many younger people may brush off the symptoms or delay getting medical attention, Hanna says. In a survey of 885 colorectal cancer patients conducted by Colorectal Cancer Alliance earlier this year, 75% said they visited two or more doctors before getting their diagnosis, and 11% went kamagra vs cialis to 10 or more before finding out. If found early, colon cancer is curable, Hanna says. About 50% of those with colon cancer will be diagnosed at stage I or II, which is considered localized disease, he says.
"The majority have a very good prognosis." The 5-year survival rate is about 90% for both stage kamagra vs cialis I and II. But when it progresses to stage III, the cancer has begun to grow into surrounding tissues and the lymph nodes, Hanna says, and the survival rate for 5 years drops to 75%. About 25% of patients are diagnosed at stage III, he says. If the diagnosis is made at stage IV, the 5-year survival rate drops to about kamagra vs cialis 10% or 15%, he says.
Experts have been trying to figure out why more young adults are getting colon cancer and why some do so poorly. "Traditionally we thought that patients who are older would have a worse outlook," Hanna says, partly because they tend to have other medical conditions too. Some experts say that younger patients might have more ''genetically aggressive disease," kamagra vs cialis Hanna says. "Our understanding of colorectal cancer is becoming more nuanced, and we know that not all forms are the same." For instance, he says, testing is done for specific genetic mutations that have been tied to colon cancer.
"It's not just about finding the mutations, but finding the drug that targets [that form] best." Paying Attention to Red Flags "If you have any of what we call the red flag signs, do not ignore your symptoms no matter what your age is," Hanna says. Those are kamagra vs cialis. In 2018, the American Cancer Society changed its guidelines for screening, recommending those at average risk start at age 45, not 50. The screening can be stool-based testing, such as a fecal occult blood test, or visual, such as a colonoscopy.
Hanna says he orders a colonoscopy if the symptoms suggest colon cancer, regardless of a patient's kamagra vs cialis age. Family history of colorectal cancer is a risk factor, as are being obese or overweight, being sedentary, and eating lots of red meat. Sources Mark Hanna, MD, colorectal surgeon and assistant clinical professor of surgery, City of Hope, Los Angeles. American kamagra vs cialis Cancer Society.
"Key Statistics for Colorectal Cancer." Twitter statement. Chadwick Boseman kamagra vs cialis. American Cancer Society. "Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors." American Cancer Society.
'"Colorectal Cancer Rates Rise in Younger Adults." American Society kamagra vs cialis of Clinical Oncology annual meeting, May 29-31, 2020. American Cancer Society "Survival Rates for Colorectal Cancer." American Cancer Society. "Colorectal Cancer Facts &. Figures.
2017-2019." © 2020 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.FRIDAY, Aug. 28, 2020 (HealthDay News) -- As many as 20% of Americans don't believe in treatments, a new study finds. Misinformed treatment beliefs drive opposition to public treatment policies even more than politics, education, religion or other factors, researchers say.
The findings are based on a survey of nearly 2,000 U.S. Adults done in 2019, during the largest measles outbreak in 25 years. The researchers, from the Annenberg Public Policy Center (APPC) of the University of Pennsylvania, found that negative misperceptions about vaccinations. reduced the likelihood of supporting mandatory childhood treatments by 70%, reduced the likelihood of opposing religious exemptions by 66%, reduced the likelihood of opposing personal belief exemptions by 79%.
"There are real implications here for a treatment for erectile dysfunction treatment," lead author Dominik Stecula said in an APPC news release. He conducted the research while at APPC and is now an assistant professor of political science at Colorado State University. "The negative treatment beliefs we examined aren't limited only to the measles, mumps and rubella [MMR] treatment, but are general attitudes about vaccination." Stecula called for an education campaign by public health professionals and journalists, among others, to preemptively correct misinformation and prepare the public to accept a erectile dysfunction treatment. Overall, there was strong support for vaccination policies.
72% strongly or somewhat supported mandatory childhood vaccination, 60% strongly or somewhat opposed religious exemptions, 66% strongly or somewhat opposed treatment exemptions based on personal beliefs. "On the one hand, these are big majorities. Well above 50% of Americans support mandatory childhood vaccinations and oppose religious and personal belief exemptions to vaccination," said co-author Ozan Kuru, a former APPC researcher, now an assistant professor of communications at the National University of Singapore. "Still, we need a stronger consensus in the public to bolster pro-treatment attitudes and legislation and thus achieve community immunity," he added in the release.
A previous study from the 2018-2019 measles outbreak found that people who rely on social media were more likely to be misinformed about treatments. And a more recent one found that people who got information from social media or conservative news outlets at the start of the erectile dysfunction treatment kamagra were more likely to be misinformed about how to prevent and hold conspiracy theories about it. With the erectile dysfunction kamagra still raging, the number of Americans needed to be vaccinated to achieve community-wide immunity is not known, the researchers said. The findings were recently published online in the American Journal of Public Health.By Robert Preidt HealthDay Reporter FRIDAY, Aug.
28, 2020 (HealthDay News) -- Breastfeeding mothers are unlikely to transmit the new erectile dysfunction to their babies via their milk, researchers say. No cases of an infant contracting erectile dysfunction treatment from breast milk have been documented, but questions about the potential risk remain. Researchers examined 64 samples of breast milk collected from 18 women across the United States who were infected with the new erectile dysfunction (erectile dysfunction) that causes erectile dysfunction treatment. One sample tested positive for erectile dysfunction RNA, but follow-up tests showed that the kamagra couldn't replicate and therefore, couldn't infect the breastfed infant, according to the study recently published online in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
"Detection of viral RNA does not equate to . It has to grow and multiply in order to be infectious and we did not find that in any of our samples," said study author Christina Chambers, a professor of pediatrics at the University of California, San Diego. She is also director of the Mommy's Milk Human Milk Research Biorepository. "Our findings suggest breast milk itself is not likely a source of for the infant," Chambers said in a UCSD news release.
To prevent transmission of the kamagra while breastfeeding, wearing a mask, hand-washing and sterilizing pumping equipment after each use are recommended. "We hope our results and future studies will give women the reassurance needed for them to breastfeed. Human milk provides invaluable benefits to mom and baby," said co-author Dr. Grace Aldrovandi, chief of the Division of Infectious Diseases at UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital in Los Angeles.
WebMD News from HealthDay Sources SOURCE. University of California, San Diego, news release, Aug. 19, 2020 Copyright © 2013-2020 HealthDay. All rights reserved.Nursing home staff will have to be tested regularly for erectile dysfunction treatment, and facilities that fail to do so will face fines, the Trump administration said Tuesday.
Even though they account for less than 1% of the nation's population, long-term care facilities account for 42% of erectile dysfunction treatment deaths in the United States, the Associated Press reported. There have been more than 70,000 deaths in U.S. Nursing homes, according to the erectile dysfunction treatment Tracking Project. It's been months since the White House first urged governors to test all nursing home residents and staff, the AP reported.
WebMD News from HealthDay Copyright © 2013-2020 HealthDay. All rights reserved.August 28, 2020 -- Alcohol-based hand sanitizers that are packaged in containers that look like food items or drinks could cause injury or death if ingested, according to a new warning the FDA issued Thursday. Hand sanitizers are being packaged in beer cans, water bottles, juice bottles, vodka bottles and childrenâs food pouches, the FDA said. Some sanitizers also contain flavors, such as chocolate or raspberry, which could cause confusion.
ÂI am increasingly concerned about hand sanitizer being packaged to appear to be consumable products, such as baby food or beverages,â Stephen Hahn, MD, the FDA commissioner, said in a statement. Accidentally drinking hand sanitizer â even a small amount â is potentially lethal to children. ÂThese products could confuse consumers into accidentally ingesting a potentially deadly product,â he said. ÂItâs dangerous to add scents with food flavors to hand sanitizers which children could think smells like food, eat and get alcohol poisoning.â For example, the FDA received a report about a consumer who purchased a bottle that looked like drinkable water but was actually hand sanitizer.
In another report, a retailer informed the agency about a hand sanitizer product that was marketed in a pouch that looks like a childrenâs snack and had cartoons on it. Meanwhile, the FDA's warning list about dangerous hand sanitizers containing methanol continues to grow as some people are drinking the sanitizers to get an alcohol high. Others have believed a rumor, circulated online, that drinking the highly potent and toxic alcohol can disinfect the body, protecting them from erectile dysfunction treatment . Earlier this month, the FDA also issued a warning about hand sanitizers contaminated with 1-propanol.
Ingesting 1-propanol can cause central nervous system depression, which can be fatal, the agency says. Symptoms of 1-propanol exposure can include confusion, decreased consciousness, and slowed pulse and breathing. One brand of sanitizer, Harmonic Nature S de RL de MI of Mexico, are labeled to contain ethanol or isopropyl alcohol but have tested positive for 1-propanol contamination. Poison control centers and state health departments have reported an increasing number of adverse events associated with hand sanitizer ingestion, including heart issues, nervous system problems, hospitalizations and deaths, according to the statement.
The FDA encouraged consumers and health care professionals to report issues to the MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program. The agency is working with manufacturers to recall confusing and dangerous products and is encouraging retailers to remove some products from shelves. The FDA is also updating its list of hand sanitizer products that consumers should avoid. ÂManufacturers should be vigilant about packaging and marketing their hand sanitizers in food or drink packages in an effort to mitigate any potential inadvertent use by consumers,â Hahn said..
Aug Can i buy zithromax over the counter kamagra gold online. 29, 2020 -- Chadwick Boseman, the star of the 2018 Marvel Studios megahit Black Panther, died of colon cancer Friday. He was 43 kamagra gold online. Boseman, who was diagnosed 4 years ago, had kept his condition a secret. He filmed his recent movies ''during and between countless surgeries and chemotherapy," according to a statement issued on his Twitter account.
When the actor was diagnosed in 2016, the cancer was at stage III -- meaning it had already grown through kamagra gold online the colon wall -- but then progressed to the more lethal stage IV, meaning it had spread beyond his colon. Messages of condolences and the hashtag #Wakandaforever, referring to the fictional African nation in the Black Panther film, flooded social media Friday evening. Oprah tweeted. "What a gentle kamagra gold online gifted SOUL. Showing us all that Greatness in between surgeries and chemo.
The courage, the strength, the Power it takes to do that. This is kamagra gold online what Dignity looks like. " Marvel Studios tweeted. "Your legacy will live on forever." Boseman was also known for his role as Jackie Robinson in the movie 42. Coincidentally, Friday kamagra gold online was Major League Baseball's Jackie Robinson Day, where every player on every team wears Robinson's number 42 on their jerseys.
Boseman's other starring roles include portraying James Brown in Get on Up and U.S. Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall in Marshall. But his role as King T'Challa in Black Panther, the super hero kamagra gold online protagonist, made him an icon and an inspiration. About Colon Cancer Boseman's death reflects a troubling recent trend, says Mark Hanna, MD, a colorectal surgeon at City of Hope, a comprehensive cancer center near Los Angeles. "We have noticed an increasing incidence of colorectal cancer in young adults," says Hanna, who did not treat Boseman.
"I've seen patients as young as their early 20s." About 104,000 cases of colon cancer will be diagnosed this year, according to American Cancer kamagra gold online Society estimates, and another 43,000 cases of rectal cancer will be diagnosed. About 12% of those, or 18,000 cases, will be in people under age 50. As the rates have kamagra gold online declined in older adults due to screening, rates in young adults have steadily risen. Younger patients are often diagnosed at a later stage than older adults, Hanna says, because patients and even their doctors don't think about the possibility of colon cancer. Because it is considered a cancer affecting older adults, many younger people may brush off the symptoms or delay getting medical attention, Hanna says.
In a survey of 885 colorectal cancer patients conducted by Colorectal Cancer Alliance earlier this year, 75% said they kamagra gold online visited two or more doctors before getting their diagnosis, and 11% went to 10 or more before finding out. If found early, colon cancer is curable, Hanna says. About 50% of those with colon cancer will be diagnosed at stage I or II, which is considered localized disease, he says. "The majority kamagra gold online have a very good prognosis." The 5-year survival rate is about 90% for both stage I and II. But when it progresses to stage III, the cancer has begun to grow into surrounding tissues and the lymph nodes, Hanna says, and the survival rate for 5 years drops to 75%.
About 25% of patients are diagnosed at stage III, he says. If the diagnosis is made kamagra gold online at stage IV, the 5-year survival rate drops to about 10% or 15%, he says. Experts have been trying to figure out why more young adults are getting colon cancer and why some do so poorly. "Traditionally we thought that patients who are older would have a worse outlook," Hanna says, partly because they tend to have other medical conditions too. Some experts say that younger patients might have more kamagra gold online ''genetically aggressive disease," Hanna says.
"Our understanding of colorectal cancer is becoming more nuanced, and we know that not all forms are the same." For instance, he says, testing is done for specific genetic mutations that have been tied to colon cancer. "It's not just about finding the mutations, but finding the drug that targets [that form] best." Paying Attention to Red Flags "If you have any of what we call the red flag signs, do not ignore your symptoms no matter what your age is," Hanna says. Those are kamagra gold online. In 2018, the American Cancer Society changed its guidelines for screening, recommending those at average risk start at age 45, not 50. The screening can be stool-based testing, such as a fecal occult blood test, or visual, such as a colonoscopy.
Hanna says he orders a colonoscopy if the symptoms suggest colon cancer, regardless of kamagra gold online a patient's age. Family history of colorectal cancer is a risk factor, as are being obese or overweight, being sedentary, and eating lots of red meat. Sources Mark Hanna, MD, colorectal surgeon and assistant clinical professor of surgery, City of Hope, Los Angeles. American Cancer kamagra gold online Society. "Key Statistics for Colorectal Cancer." Twitter statement.
Chadwick Boseman kamagra gold online. American Cancer Society. "Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors." American Cancer Society. '"Colorectal Cancer Rates Rise kamagra gold online in Younger Adults." American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meeting, May 29-31, 2020. American Cancer Society "Survival Rates for Colorectal Cancer." American Cancer Society.
"Colorectal Cancer Facts &. Figures. 2017-2019." © 2020 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.FRIDAY, Aug. 28, 2020 (HealthDay News) -- As many as 20% of Americans don't believe in treatments, a new study finds.
Misinformed treatment beliefs drive opposition to public treatment policies even more than politics, education, religion or other factors, researchers say. The findings are based on a survey of nearly 2,000 U.S. Adults done in 2019, during the largest measles outbreak in 25 years. The researchers, from the Annenberg Public Policy Center (APPC) of the University of Pennsylvania, found that negative misperceptions about vaccinations. reduced the likelihood of supporting mandatory childhood treatments by 70%, reduced the likelihood of opposing religious exemptions by 66%, reduced the likelihood of opposing personal belief exemptions by 79%.
"There are real implications here for a treatment for erectile dysfunction treatment," lead author Dominik Stecula said in an APPC news release. He conducted the research while at APPC and is now an assistant professor of political science at Colorado State University. "The negative treatment beliefs we examined aren't limited only to the measles, mumps and rubella [MMR] treatment, but are general attitudes about vaccination." Stecula called for an education campaign by public health professionals and journalists, among others, to preemptively correct misinformation and prepare the public to accept a erectile dysfunction treatment. Overall, there was strong support for vaccination policies. 72% strongly or somewhat supported mandatory childhood vaccination, 60% strongly or somewhat opposed religious exemptions, 66% strongly or somewhat opposed treatment exemptions based on personal beliefs.
"On the one hand, these are big majorities. Well above 50% of Americans support mandatory childhood vaccinations and oppose religious and personal belief exemptions to vaccination," said co-author Ozan Kuru, a former APPC researcher, now an assistant professor of communications at the National University of Singapore. "Still, we need a stronger consensus in the public to bolster pro-treatment attitudes and legislation and thus achieve community immunity," he added in the release. A previous study from the 2018-2019 measles outbreak found that people who rely on social media were more likely to be misinformed about treatments. And a more recent one found that people who got information from social media or conservative news outlets at the start of the erectile dysfunction treatment kamagra were more likely to be misinformed about how to prevent and hold conspiracy theories about it.
With the erectile dysfunction kamagra still raging, the number of Americans needed to be vaccinated to achieve community-wide immunity is not known, the researchers said. The findings were recently published online in the American Journal of Public Health.By Robert Preidt HealthDay Reporter FRIDAY, Aug. 28, 2020 (HealthDay News) -- Breastfeeding mothers are unlikely to transmit the new erectile dysfunction to their babies via their milk, researchers say. No cases of an infant contracting erectile dysfunction treatment from breast milk have been documented, but questions about the potential risk remain. Researchers examined 64 samples of breast milk collected from 18 women across the United States who were infected with the new erectile dysfunction (erectile dysfunction) that causes erectile dysfunction treatment.
One sample tested positive for erectile dysfunction RNA, but follow-up tests showed that the kamagra couldn't replicate and therefore, couldn't infect the breastfed infant, according to the study recently published online in the Journal of the American Medical Association. "Detection of viral RNA does not equate to . It has to grow and multiply in order to be infectious and we did not find that in any of our samples," said study author Christina Chambers, a professor of pediatrics at the University of California, San Diego. She is also director of the Mommy's Milk Human Milk Research Biorepository. "Our findings suggest breast milk itself is not likely a source of for the infant," Chambers said in a UCSD news release.
To prevent transmission of the kamagra while breastfeeding, wearing a mask, hand-washing and sterilizing pumping equipment after each use are recommended. "We hope our results and future studies will give women the reassurance needed for them to breastfeed. Human milk provides invaluable benefits to mom and baby," said co-author Dr. Grace Aldrovandi, chief of the Division of Infectious Diseases at UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital in Los Angeles. WebMD News from HealthDay Sources SOURCE.
University of California, San Diego, news release, Aug. 19, 2020 Copyright © 2013-2020 HealthDay. All rights reserved.Nursing home staff will have to be tested regularly for erectile dysfunction treatment, and facilities that fail to do so will face fines, the Trump administration said Tuesday. Even though they account for less than 1% of the nation's population, long-term care facilities account for 42% of erectile dysfunction treatment deaths in the United States, the Associated Press reported. There have been more than 70,000 deaths in U.S.
Nursing homes, according to the erectile dysfunction treatment Tracking Project. It's been months since the White House first urged governors to test all nursing home residents and staff, the AP reported. WebMD News from HealthDay Copyright © 2013-2020 HealthDay. All rights reserved.August 28, 2020 -- Alcohol-based hand sanitizers that are packaged in containers that look like food items or drinks could cause injury or death if ingested, according to a new warning the FDA issued Thursday. Hand sanitizers are being packaged in beer cans, water bottles, juice bottles, vodka bottles and childrenâs food pouches, the FDA said.
Some sanitizers also contain flavors, such as chocolate or raspberry, which could cause confusion. ÂI am increasingly concerned about hand sanitizer being packaged to appear to be consumable products, such as baby food or beverages,â Stephen Hahn, MD, the FDA commissioner, said in a statement. Accidentally drinking hand sanitizer â even a small amount â is potentially lethal to children. ÂThese products could confuse consumers into accidentally ingesting a potentially deadly product,â he said. ÂItâs dangerous to add scents with food flavors to hand sanitizers which children could think smells like food, eat and get alcohol poisoning.â For example, the FDA received a report about a consumer who purchased a bottle that looked like drinkable water but was actually hand sanitizer.
In another report, a retailer informed the agency about a hand sanitizer product that was marketed in a pouch that looks like a childrenâs snack and had cartoons on it. Meanwhile, the FDA's warning list about dangerous hand sanitizers containing methanol continues to grow as some people are drinking the sanitizers to get an alcohol high. Others have believed a rumor, circulated online, that drinking the highly potent and toxic alcohol can disinfect the body, protecting them from erectile dysfunction treatment . Earlier this month, the FDA also issued a warning about hand sanitizers contaminated with 1-propanol. Ingesting 1-propanol can cause central nervous system depression, which can be fatal, the agency says.
Symptoms of 1-propanol exposure can include confusion, decreased consciousness, and slowed pulse and breathing. One brand of sanitizer, Harmonic Nature S de RL de MI of Mexico, are labeled to contain ethanol or isopropyl alcohol but have tested positive for 1-propanol contamination. Poison control centers and state health departments have reported an increasing number of adverse events associated with hand sanitizer ingestion, including heart issues, nervous system problems, hospitalizations and deaths, according to the statement. The FDA encouraged consumers and health care professionals to report issues to the MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program. The agency is working with manufacturers to recall confusing and dangerous products and is encouraging retailers to remove some products from shelves.
The FDA is also updating its list of hand sanitizer products that consumers should avoid. ÂManufacturers should be vigilant about packaging and marketing their hand sanitizers in food or drink packages in an effort to mitigate any potential inadvertent use by consumers,â Hahn said..
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